Until very recently, available antidiabetic agents, outside of their glucose-lowering ability, have had little effect on the incidence and progression of macrovascular complications (Table 1).

Healthcare access, treatment adherence and appropriate education, as well as monitoring and follow-up around treatment initiation, all play an integral role in the safe initiation of treatment and health outcomes. 3 Traditionally, type 2 diabetes management included pharmacotherapies introduced in a linear, stepwise approach alongside lifestyle interventions. The goal of diabetes management is to prevent development, or delay progression, of microvascular and macrovascular complications and reduce associated mortality. Metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative processes as well as glucose toxicity, lipotoxicity and hereditary factors underlie the disease pathogenesis. Generally, type 2 diabetes begins with a degree of insulin resistance but, over time, becomes a disease of insulin deficiency due to progressive pancreatic beta cell exhaustion. According to national dispensing data, about 220,000 people aged в‰Ґ 25 received oral hypoglycaemic agents and/or insulin between October 2019 and September 2020. Type 2 diabetes affects a large number of New Zealanders.

Side effects of jardiance for diabetes